Civil law is the body of rules, judicial precedents, regulations, and procedures which govern non-criminal disputes between individuals or organizations. In India, these laws and procedures are based on the common law system which was brought to the country by the British East India Company in 1726.
The Indian legal system has evolved as an important part of a large democracy, with a social justice paradigm at its core. It has undergone a series of alterations, fine-tuned through judicial pronouncements and legislative action, to suit the unique Indian conditions.
There are several different types of laws, each with their own distinct characteristics. A common type of law is criminal law, which deals with crime and punishment.
A court of law is a body of judges, known as judges, who are empowered to hear and decide disputes between parties. In India, there are many different kinds of courts (Type of Courts), including the Supreme Court, High Courts and lower courts.
1. The Supreme Court: The highest court of appeal, the Supreme Court was constituted on 28 January 1950 and enjoys original suits as well as appeals from High Court judgments.
2. High Courts: The High Courts of India are composed of Chief Justices and other senior judges who oversee a number of smaller courts in each state.
3. The Constitution: The Constitution of India is the main source of judicial authority in the country. It is a comprehensive document that defines the rights of the citizens and lays down the powers of the executive, legislature and judiciary.
4. The Indian Penal Code: This is the main criminal code in India that covers all aspects of substantive criminal law.
5. The Law Commission: This commission was entrusted with the task of codifying the law in India and began its work by drafting the first Indian law.
6. Indian Contract Act: The Contracts Act is one of the most important pieces of legislation in India and covers all aspects of mercantile law. It is a key piece of legislation that regulates the entrance into a contract, as well as its effects upon breach.
7. Civil Courts: The civil courts of India are divided into Munsif’s Courts and Small Causes Courts. These are the lowest levels of the judicial hierarchy and can try cases that have a monetary value of less than Rs. 3 lakh.
8. Lok Adalats: The lok adalat is a dispute resolution system developed in India.
9. Civil law is an important field of study for future lawyers in India.
In order to pursue a career in civil law, candidates must have at least a 3-year LLB degree. This is the bachelor's degree in law and is offered by many renowned institutes throughout the country.
Similarly, students with an MBA can also pursue a degree in civil law. This is a very popular field of study and has great scope in the future.
Those who are interested in pursuing a career in law should seek expert guidance. The team at Leverage Edu is ever ready to guide you through the process and provide you with expert guidance to help you make an informed decision about your education. Contact us now to schedule a free consultancy session.
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